Human Digestion Essay

The salivary organs are the first to respond in the stomach related procedure, which are normally activated by either the sight or the smell of food. Food enters the stomach related tract through the mouth where the teeth, tongue, and salivary organs help dampen and separate the food in no time. The food at that point becomes something many refer to as a bolus, which will go through the pharynx, at that point through the throat, and into the stomach. As the food goes through the pharynx the epiglottis is set up to keep food from entering the lungs. When the bolus enters the stomach it is separated with corrosive emissions. The food is incompletely processed inside the stomach. The bolus at that point becomes chyme (a semiliquid food). Chyme as a rule leaves the stomach during a time span of 2-6 hours. The small digestive tract is the place the greater part of the assimilation and supplement retention happens with the assistance of discharges from the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. The small digestive tract comprises of three sections: the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. Anything that isn't invested in the small digestive system at that point enters the internal organ going through the sphincter. The sphincter keeps any of the rest of the food from reemerging the small digestive tract. The internal organ is comprised of two significant parts: the colon and the rectum. The colon helps in the retention of extra water, nutrients, or minerals. Anything left over after this procedure is viewed as waste item (dung) and is then discharged from the body by means of the rear-end, whichâ is joined to the colon. Reference Human Digestion Activity. Recovered August 21, 2009 from http://corptrain.phoenix.edu/axia/sci241/sci241-digestivetract.html

International business case analysis----coca cola Essay

Worldwide business case investigation - coca cola - Essay Example Brazil. Regarding potential and development prospect Brazil is perceived to hold incalculable possibilities for future. In this development way a primary deterrent has ended up being the Tubainas. The case has additionally illuminated existing business sector situation of Brazil alongside customer social situation and rivalry that is available for Coca-Cola in their undertaking of expanding their piece of the overall industry. The development of B brand as a substitute for the worldwide brands, for example, Coca-Cola and Pepsi and the explanation for such event have hoarded the inside stage for the situation conversation. The serious undertaking of Coca-Cola has additionally been exhibited for the situation wherein they have found a way to beat the hardened rivalry presented by the opponents in Brazil. The investigation of the gave case will recognize significant partners for the situation and their issues, objectives and concerns. Subsequently, the report will recognize the issue th at should be settled and will likewise discover elective answers for the distinguished issues. From the investigation of the elective arrangements a lot of definite proposals will be introduced. In the finishing up section, a concise rundown on the basic troubles presented for the situation will be featured comparable to suggested arrangements. Distinguishing proof of Stakeholder’s Goals, Problems and Concerns The gave case recognizes number of partners. The prime partner that has been influenced by the depicted occasions for the situation is the Coca-Cola’s auxiliary arranged in Brazil. Their problem can be seen as â€Å"for about 10 years, the Coca-Cola Company’s Brazilian auxiliary attempted to stop the development of Tubainas†. The irksome situation of Coca-Cola in Brazil can be fathomed from the announcement for the situation that â€Å"rather than the cola war (the name given to Coke versus Pepsi rivalry in numerous nations), the main problem for t he Brazilian auxiliary of the Coca-Cola Company has been the Tubainas war†. The diverse suspicions that have been made here by the Coca-Cola’s Brazilian auxiliary are that they feel that they have been profoundly hurt by the Tubainas’ unjustifiable rivalry. It likewise further accepted that â€Å"price advantage held by Tubainas was just conceivable through tax avoidance practices†. Tax avoidance helped them to remain deliberately in front of its opposition. This was an untrustworthy practice by the Tubainas. The significant objective of the partners was to fabricate nearer ties with the Brazilian shoppers so as to improve its picture and gather the generosity. Since the Coca-Cola was blamed for financial maltreatment and uncalled for exchange rehearses the goal of the organization lies in â€Å"refuting the claims, avowing that all were altogether bogus and was absolutely conflicting with the Coca-Cola’s moral behavior†. It additionally need ed to stop the Tubainas development. Consequently it took more than barely any contenders. Considering the declining piece of the overall industry in Brazil, the company’s fundamental objective was to retaliate and recapture its unique position. It took a few activities, for example, lessening the general cost with the plan to hamper the Tubainas development. The other objective as distinguished for the situation study is â€Å"

Product Design, MIT style

Product Design, MIT style I know, I know, I graduated like 4 months ago, why am I still here? Well, I have this folder on my desktop full of pictures and half written blog entries that I completely lost the motivation to finish as soon as I graduated and went home to spend a wonderful summer outside in the sunshine. (To answer the questions from my previous entry: no, really, I graduated from MIT and immediately went back to my old summer job from high school as a lifeguard. Im not kidding.) But then today I was struck with motivation, and I thought I should go ahead and post it, even if I should really just move on with my life already. I hope no one minds. =) Okay, so ONE WHOLE YEAR AGO (man I am bad at this timeliness thing) I began the adventure known as 2.009. This is the famous capstone class for seniors in mechanical engineering, and the department spends 2 years grooming you to dread it. Its infamous for the inordinate amount of time that it requires of students, but the little known secret is that this class actually rocks. The class is called The Product Development Process (or something like that, but who really cares? just call it 2.009 like a normal person) and all of the seniors in Mechanincal Engineering are split into teams, which are identified by color. (So theres Blue, Orange, Silver, Red, and of course, the best team ever, Yellow.) The teams are pretty big (something like 16-20 students each) and they are tasked with some pretty big assignments. The class as a whole is given a theme (last year the theme was The Home) and all of the students brainstorm potential products that fit within that theme. Early on in the process, the course staff gives each team an area to focus on within the larger theme (to assure that multiple teams dont start designing very similar products). Each team then chooses a few promising ideas and starts working frantically to get a model of the idea finished. Then theres a big, stressful, majorly important presentation day when the teams ideas thus far are presented, followed by feedback from classmates, professors, and outside observers invited by the course staff. The team then discusses their ideas, throws away the less promising ones, delves deeper into the ideas that are left, and then repeats this whole process two more times. Finally, they decide on their final product, and proceed to spend every waking hour of their lives (it seems) working on it, hoping to have the full, finished, working (!) prototype done by the end of this semester. This feverish work is interrupted several more times by big, stressful, majorly important presentations. In case you didnt notice yet, the theme here is PRESENTATION. 2.009 is a CI-M (Communications Intensive course within your major), and it takes these presentations seriously. You know how in most classes you might have one or two big presentations per year? Theyre usually at the end of a unit or marking period or maybe even the end of the whole year. You do tons of work for it, you spend lots of time preparing, and its like this super important culmination of the entire class, and its a Big Deal. 2.009 has one of those about every 3 weeks. The secondary theme is, oh yeah, you have to build a full working prototype of your product in the span of a couple of weeks. My team, the Yellow Team, was assigned the topic of constrained space. We kicked around different ideas for improved storage methods, but when we got down to our 2 final ideas they were a Lazy Susan refrigerator and a Moveable Wall. As a result, about 90% of the 2.009 junkpile came from our scraps and ironically, the team working on constrained space had the biggest, bulkiest materials spilling out all over the place In the end we developed the ModuWall, a Do-It-Yourself portable wall that apartment dwellers can use to split a bedroom in two to save on rent. My teammates Jeremy and Fiona are shown here, hard at work developing the extension cap, a device which allows the structural posts of our wall to change in size. I was my teams Information Officer, which meant I spent lots of my time taking meeting minutes (and sprinkling them with jokes when I got frustrated that no one read them), keeping our wiki up to date, and organizing the subteams: Seriously, the irony of the constrained space team building a WALL was not lost on us when we had to start cutting 3 by 4 panels on this tiny bandsaw. The course professor, affectionately referred to as Doc Wallace, tried to inspire us in the last days before our final presentation with a countdown showing an egg developing into a beautiful chick, or to fried chicken, depending on how hard you worked. There was one final milestone before our final presentation- the Tech Review, where professors and members of industry were invited into the lab to inspect our work and give us last-minute feedback. In the frantic days before the Tech Review, we pulled together some awesome engineering on this store-bought bifold door. I know it doesnt look like it, but trust me, a lot of work went into that doorframe. Caitrin is justifiably proud. We stuck labels on everything to describe some of our design features. And when we finally got the whole thing set up in the lab, it looked pretty darn cool, if I may say so. After another couple days of working frantically, it was finally the night of our final presentation. I could tell you about it, or you could just watch it yourself. (For those who are more interested than they should be, you can also check out our powerpoint, but I warn you, this is a pretty big file: Yellow Team Powerpoint) It was a crazy, stressful class, required tons of work, and sometimes made me HTFP, but in the end, I absolutely loved it. I built this crazy thing from nothing, learned a ton, and had an awesome time with my teammates. See, Yellow Teamwell, we might have been a little less restrained than the other teams. We had a great group dyanmic and were not afraid to start cheering in lab when we got something to work. Obviously it wasnt always smooth sailing: there was one particularly tense lab meeting where a simple disagreement between the best way to proceed snowballed into a lot of repressed anger and frustration being released at each other. Inspired by my new favorite TV show, 30 rock, I suggested a one minute dance party to break up the tension. (During this one scene in 30 Rock, Tina Feys character congratulates her staff on finishing half of their work, and suggests a one minute dance party as a reward. Of course theyre so engrossed in their awkward dancing to rap music that they do nt immediately notice when their big corporate boss walks into the room. Unfortunately I cant find a clip of it, but if you search YouTube youll find a whole slew of people hilariously spoofing the scene.) After that, dance parties became a regular part of our team meetings, and we reguarly cranked the volume and had a dance party in the middle of lab if the situation warranted it. For example, when we finally got that door frame built. This fun attitude is perhaps best exemplified by our dance party team photo, taken at the Technical Review. This is why I love the Yellow Team, and am glad that if I had to spend 40 hours a week in lab, at least I got to spend it with cool people. Post Tagged #2.009

The Human Condition Short Story Assignment - 1276 Words

The Human Condition-Short Story Assignment Firstly, what is the human condition? I’ve been searching for an answer about what the human condition really means. In different situations, especially in the six stories I was asked to read, I put myself in the very different situations of each story and what I’ve found is that the human condition is the characteristics or key events and situations that compose the essentials of human existence or the positive and negative aspects of being a human being. It is part of being a person. For example the need to be loved is simply part of the human condition. Such as birth, growth, emotions, aspirations, conflicts, and mortality. It is the experiences, emotions and the needs that all people share,†¦show more content†¦Her kindness changes the rattrap peddlers thoughts about the world being one big rat trap. I can relate to this because I am a very caring, compassionate person and can understand the struggle this poor man went though. He turned out to be a good ma n at heart and returned money he had stolen from the old retired ironworker. This reminds me of the saying â€Å" You can never judge a book by it’s cover†. When the peddler knocked on the old man s door dressed in rags with sunken cheek, he was surprised when he old man didn’t make a â€Å"sour† face, he was use to people treating him inhumanly. To his surprise the old man was kind to him and gave him food and tobacco but the peddler ended up stealing the old mans 30 kronos anyway. Most people would have just slammed the door in his face but this old man didn’t. This is part of the human condition, having compassion and helping those less fortunate than us. The peddler stealing is also part of the human condition because he chose to steal even though the old man showed him kindness. In â€Å"What Men Live by† by Leo Tolstoy, I feel sympathetic for the little baby girls who were left all alone with no family to take care of them. I would take them in, love them, care for them and give them the loving home they deserve and cherish them like my own children just like the caring neighbour who adopted them.These are natural feelingsShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie Little Lamb- 979 Words   |  4 Pagesamount of revisions for this story. Ultimately they fell down to the ending, and general POV of the story. Due to it being a close 3rd, I needed to rewrite a lot of my description and dialogue so that it happened through the eyes of Sam. After I fleshed that out, I reworked the story to eliminate the feeling of being tricked with a twist, added a new ending, and revised down a lot of my over description and participle phrases. By doing this, the new ending allowed my story to feel more complete, andRead MoreUse Of Setting And Symbolism Of The Works Of Cha rlotte Perkins Gilman And Robert Frost1424 Words   |  6 Pagesan art it is able to enlarge and refine our understanding of life† (Elkins para2). Reading literature teaches us about the world and a host of other human experiences. Literature allows us to look at the world from a different perspective because it takes us beyond our limited experience of life. After thousands of years we continue to tell stories because of the impact they have on individuals. It deepens our understanding of our history, our society, and our own individual lives. Also it increasesRead MoreReflection Essay888 Words   |  4 Pagesspecies in their own unique way; the human race is one of them. With time we all can change for the better or the worst that is one of the many things that make us human. We all have different personalities and interests whether it be reading a book or wrenching on a car, that is what defines each of us individually. When I was born I may have been a regular newborn baby on the outside to the common eye but surely I was not on the inside. I was born with a heart condition that made me a million dollar babyRead MoreReflection On The Team Process1018 Words   |  5 Pagestechnologies The major benefit of working in a team for me was that it facilitated learning and enhanced my understanding of the project. I have definitely learned more about the topic from other students than I would have if I had completed this assignment on my own. We discussed each entry in depth and that helped me understand the complexity and the value of recording the transactions. Our team had regular weekly meetings in the library and went through each transaction together to make sure weRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Grapes Of Wrath 1436 Words   |  6 Pagesprejudice and seclusion on their journey to California. Similarly, in T.C. Boyle’s Tortilla Curtain, Cà ¡ndido and Amà ©rica are victims of animosity and discrimination after fleeing their homes in Mexico to seek a better life in Los Angeles. In their stories, both Boyle and Steinbeck exhibit how migration can often bring new people into a different society, which can create fear and social stigma with that community. In t heir novels, the authors use the description of animals in nature to symbolize migrantsRead More Personal Statement of Teaching Philosophy Essay986 Words   |  4 Pagesone-way of achieving my aim.nbsp; Clearly, the proper focus of education is learning, not teaching; but I know that it is within a teachers power-and thus it is the teachers responsibility-to create the conditions necessary to allow students to learn.nbsp; How best to create these conditions is the question.nbsp; Although doing so involves performance, it is not a performing art.nbsp; Although it requires the rigor and systematic methodology of scientific inquiry, it is not a science.nbsp;Read MoreDiversity Role Written Assignment : Living With Hiv1260 Words   |  6 PagesDiversity Role Written Assignment Living with HIV Texas State University COMM1310: Fundamentals of Human Communication Bryanda Amillano Living with HIV When you take a look at me, I look exactly like any healthy person. My name is Mayra Smith and I am HIV positive. HIV was discovered in 1983 and was linked to AIDS in 1984 (Blattner et. al. 1988). HIV is a human immunodeficiency virus that destroys the immune system. HIV can also invade the central nervous system causing severe neurologicalRead MoreLord Of The Flies Critical Analysis1467 Words   |  6 PagesLord of the Flies is a twisted tale that blends the savagery of the human race with the civilization of everyday life. Golding shows that authority can corrupt the mind of those who try to abuse their power in the wrong way. Golding wrote in a manner that was realistic in order to show the imperfections of human nature. There was more significance behind the simple elegance of his words than just a fictional story. The many layers prevalent throughout the novel must be peeled back one by one in orderRead More Ivan Denisovich1740 Words   |  7 Pageslived in a time of terror, hopelessness and misery. For Soviet citizens and the prisoners life was miserable. One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, a short novel written by Alexander Solzhenitsyn, is a story about the one day in the life of a person caught between the chaos of the war and the faceless entity that controls their lives. The story takes place somewhere in Siberia in 1951 at a â€Å"special† (forced labor) camp. Ivan is sent here after escaping from the Germans that captured him and someRead MoreHealth System ( Phs )1365 Words   |  6 Pagesmany staff members of PHS are nurses, however, if three are refusing an assignment, it is likely that the hospital procedures for caring for patients was jeopardized. After all, if the hospital was short-staffed, it was likely that each patient wasn’t getting the adequate care that they needed. 3. Were any injuries suffered? If so, who? If not, how did the Plaintiffs fail to prove injury? The nurses each shared their stories to how they had suffered as a result of caring for patients with Ebola,

The History of Essay Topics on Gender Stereotypes Refuted

The History of Essay Topics on Gender Stereotypes Refuted Essay Topics on Gender Stereotypes and Essay Topics on Gender Stereotypes - The Perfect Combination The advice and tricks below will teach you the way to have a boy baby. In earlier times the methods to accomplish picking a boy or girl child involved a great deal of guesswork, some previous wives tales, and perhaps a very small bit of science. Getting preteen kids to rethink the reason why they believe males and females should behave a particular way might even be protective of their physical wellbeing. Parents are the main role models for young kids and young girls wish to grow up to be just like their mommy equally as young boys wish to be their dad. The loud argument was going to turn fierce as the young man started to threaten to win against the lady. Describe the area of women in the modern sports and how this situation looked a hundred decades ago. Tension and Work Life Balance There isn't any doubt that the workplace has contributed greatly to one of the best source of stress facing both women and men today. The good thing is that today it's simpler to recognize in what way the ways we're raised create limitations for both women and men. Choosing Good Essay Topics on Gender Stereotypes Issues regarding the qualities of an individual's gender and mental differences are some of the the most recent and actively discussed. Publications on Gender Issues Migration has been a significant source of population rise in the Nordic countries for the last decades. To start with, you should realise there aren't any gender predictors arrangements that could ensure 100% achievement. Find more information regarding gender based inco me disparities within this magazine article. You don't need to be worried about your personal details that could be viewed, as we handle the matter on a safe network. Your response would be an obvious indication which you are interested making a manage them. Your immune system gets weaker. My own private journey for balance enabled me to make my decision a couple of years ago when I made a decision to take a rest from a stressful work atmosphere. Amazing rating and great reviews should tell you whatever you will need to understand about this excellent writing service. It becomes dry and nobody would like to read that. Type of Essay Topics on Gender Stereotypes The guide goes through many distinct studies which were done on this subject. At our essay assistance, essays are always delivered in a brief moment. The essay isn't the simplest task to master. Locate the publication here. Action has to be taken to change not just our nation, but in addition the whole world. Women are more inclined to stress related illnesses on account of the conflict between work and loved ones. Playing the victim doesn't help. Free Gender Stereotypes essay samples can be found FreeEssayHelp with no payment or registration. Your essay may revolve around gender issues from differe nt regions of the world such as women rights in the Middle East and so forth. Stereotypes may also affect children. Vital Pieces of Essay Topics on Gender Stereotypes Therefore, many businesses are providing excellent customer service to make sure their continued patronage. Consumers don't obtain the item unless they've tried it themselves. The help of skilled people are worthy investments for any company in the long term. Creating customers is the principal aim of any business because they're the person who makes the business itself. The New Angle On Essay Topics on Gender Stereotypes Just Released There are workshops which can help to educate women about how to develop into successful negotiators. These strategies are typical and logically demonstrated. It would also boost productivity and general morale for their female employees. Find out more regarding the initiative. What Essay Topics on Gender Stereotypes Is - and What it Is Not Actually, people with mental illne sses are in the majority of cases able to be quite great employees, based on the kind and phase of the illness. If you have any of these symptoms, odds are that you might have allowed your energy to evaporate. If you are going through health issues you may have to talk to your health care provider. It is crucial to keep in mind that mentally unstable person never ought to be blamed for their conditions. Essay Topics on Gender Stereotypes Can Be Fun for Everyone The gender pay gap isn't only a national issue. Stereotyping and prejudice aren't the exact same but can appear similar in a way, no matter how the distinction is critical. Now you have a synopsis of the concepts we'll cover, we'll look first at stereotypes. The association between stereotyping and prejudice is just one of fantastic significance.

Checkpoint Patient Self-Determination Act Free Essays

CheckPoint: Patient Self-Determination Act Discuss, in 250 to 300 words, the effect of the Patient Self-Determination Act on health care delivery. Consider how you think records management procedures have had to respond to this piece of legislation. In accordance with Federal Law, the Patient Self- Determination Act provides every competent adult and emancipated minor to be informed that he or she has the right to make his or her own decisions, including the right to decide what medical care or treatment to accept, reject, or discontinue. We will write a custom essay sample on Checkpoint: Patient Self-Determination Act or any similar topic only for you Order Now The effect of the Patient Self-Determination Act has given each patient the right to choose what he or she believes what is best for him or her. Advance directives protect his or her right when making a decision. The act also protects the health care institutions when the agency has to decide what is best for the patient. Advance directives are: Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care, in case the patient becomes mentally incapacitated. A draft for a durable power of attorney will be written. This is a document appointing an agent to act for an individual in the event of incompetence and take effect immediately. The agency can not make the decision for the patient unless he or is can not make the decision. Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) Order, the patient request not to be given CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) if the patient heart stop or stop breathing. Living Will, a legal document explaining the medical treatments or life support treatments he or she wants in case the patient becomes terminally ill. Organ or Tissue Donor, the patient has authorized the hospital to remove organs and tissues. Medical suitability for donation is determined at the time of death. The Law of Advance Directives Legal Documents Can Ease End-of-Life Decisions by Karen Markus http://www. scu. edu/ethics/publications/iie/v8n1/advancedirectives. html How to cite Checkpoint: Patient Self-Determination Act, Papers

The Atlantic System free essay sample

This test will be offered on Identifications-?The following terms will appear on your test in multiple choice form. Be able to identify the who/what, when, where, and the historical significance to choose the correct answer. Chapter 19 1. Driver 2. Seasoning 3. Maroons 4. Middle Passage 5. Shanghai 6. Hausa 7. Mercantilism 8. Capitalism 9. Atlantic system 10. Dutch West India Company Chapter 20 1 . Janissary 2. Salesman the Magnificent 3. Shiite Islam 4. Shah Baas 5. Kafka 6. Mannas 7. Maritime Worlds of Islam Chapter 21 1 . Tommie Hideous 2. Dainty 3. Forty-Seven Orrin incident 4. Mining and King Empires 5. Kananga 6. Macerated mission 7. Lie Zincing 8. Serfs 9. Mining Empire 10. Peter the Great Discussion Questions Three of the following Discussion Questions will appear on Test 1 . Include supporting details in your answers. Be sure to 1. What were the pieces of the new Atlantic economy? Explain how each piece was necessary for the economys SUCCeSS. Focus on the Atlantic system/ circuit here, and remember our discussion question. 2. How did the Sahara slave trade differ from the Atlantic slave trade? 3. We will write a custom essay sample on The Atlantic System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Explain the economic and military crisis that led to the decline of the Ottoman Empire. How did the Ottoman Empire handle the growing European aggression, and the advancements in European naval strength during this time? Remember our discussion question. 4. Identify and discuss 2 reasons why the Outgas Shogun fell into decline and crisis. 5. The growth of the early King Empire was fueled by the desire to create an economic and demographic recovery in China. Identify 3 things the King government did to stimulate the recovery. 6. Discuss how Peter the Great attempted to reform Russia- what types of changes did he make?

The History, Effect, and Cost of Drug Trafficking on Society Research Paper Example

The History, Effect, and Cost of Drug Trafficking on Society Research Paper Example The History, Effect, and Cost of Drug Trafficking on Society Paper The History, Effect, and Cost of Drug Trafficking on Society Paper When one hears the term drug trafficking, the image of guns, goons, and gold immediately enter the imagination. This is the image portrayed in Hollywood films regarding the trade and it carries a semblance of truth. Drug trafficking does have varied meanings though. I could mean the illegal smuggling of drugs from one country to another or the illegal sale of a controlled substance. In truth, the word carries a more intricate and expansive meaning. Drug trafficking covers the manufacture, sale, as well as the importation and exportation the illegal or controlled substances between national borders or countries. These are the areas covered by the national agencies of various countries enjoined in the fight to end global drug trafficking. Drug trafficking is a multi billion dollar industry that covers the entire globe. There is no possibility of totally eradicating a problem that has the all the nations in the world cooperating in a concerted effort to end the drug trade. It is an admitted fact that drugs are an important part of the evolution and lengthening of mans life. All prescription and over the counter drugs are regulated by government screening agencies in order to protect the patients, it is this protection that disappears when illegal drugs are bought and sold in the drug market. We even have legal yet harmless drugs such as caffeine readily available for that instant buzz when we need it anywhere in the world. In order to understand how and why the problem of drug trafficking has gotten out of hand, we must first understand the history of the problem. Some of the earliest recorded historical data on legalized drug trafficking can be traced back to 19th century Britain. This was a time in their history when they used Opium as a trading commodity with China. In exchange for Opium, the Chinese would give them tea and silk. By the 20th century, certain countries, such as the United States, and again, Great Britain, redefined their positions on drug use although it still had not evolved into the definition as we know it to be today. From this point on, the international drug trade began its evolution into the system that we recognize today with its fastest changes happening between 1970-1980. Due to the vast network of the drug trade and various monetary denominations used in paying for it, it is really impossible to have a definite declaration as to how much is really involved in this type of trading. It is, however, safe to assume that it is a multi-billion dollar industry spanning the globe. Illegal drugs are mostly developed in the third world countries and exported under the cover of darkness to the more developed counterparts for distribution. An example of this scenario would be drugs developed in Mexico and other Latin American countries like Costa Rica, would find its way into the United States. Due to the complexity of the global drug cartel, drug trafficking has become a problem that each country affected by the problem deals with on a country to country basis. This has been the situation for some time now because of the way countries view their drug problem. To quote an article from Parliamentary Information and Research service (Library of Parliament, 2003) A number of politicians in Latin America and elsewhere have argued that close international cooperation to address the drug trade would endanger national â€Å"sovereignty. † Because Europeans have long claimed that most drugs were only â€Å"passing through,† stopping the traffic was given a low priority. The United States considers itself the victim country in this scenario. This is why the country has always tried to set the path towards dealing with the problem. This is usually accomplished using bilateral agreements between nations. In their report for the Parliamentary Information and Research Service titled Illegal Drugs and Trafficking, authors Diane Leduc and James Lee (Leduc Lee. 2002) both noted that as of February 2002, President Bush had unveiled a new National Drug Control Strategy, based on three core principles: (1) stopping drug use before it starts; (2) healing America’s drug users; and (3) disrupting the market [for illegal drugs]. They further say that this strategy was set into motion in order to emphasize a balance between supply and demand reduction efforts. † Meaning that the U. S. will try to reduce the demand for drugs by preventing its entry and providing treatment for existing addicts while concentrating on stopping the inflow of the drugs into the country. The United Nations itself has been at the forefront of addressing the problem of drug trafficking by enacting various anti drug trafficking agreements since the 1960s. The founding of the United Nations Fund for Drug Abuse Control (UNFDAC) in 1971, with the support of United States, Germany, Sweden and Norway. Before World War II became a major battle, the United States saw its first battle when there was a surge of a drug epidemic at the start of the 20th century. This caused the government to take action by instructing domestic law enforcement to prevent the spread of opium and coca crops throughout the states. Due to the turbulent times during the sixties, the youth of that generation began dabbling in drugs like marijuana, amphetamines, and psychedelics. Due to the rising levels of drug use and emergence of new designer drugs like cocaine and crack, a drug culture came to being and in 1973 the creation of the United States Drug Enforcement Administration hoped to squash this underground society that dwelled on substance abuse. The mission objective of this agency was to enforce federal drug laws. The DEA as the agency came to known has had to face challenge after challenge in its quest to end drug trafficking. Drug trafficking has evolved into an arm of organized crime backed before by American criminals, into organizations that take their orders from overseas bosses who have a finger in the drug trade in the United States. The United States faces the biggest problem in dealing with the problem of drug trafficking due to the problem they have when it comes to protecting the border from Mexico. According to the statement made by DEA Administrator Donnie R. Marshall before the U. S. House of Representatives Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime (DEA Statement, 2001) dated March 29, 2001 Illicit drugs are smuggled in record levels into the United States via the 2,000-mile U. S. /Mexico border. Over the past few years, Mexican based trafficking organizations have succeeded in establishing themselves as the preeminent poly-drug traffickers of the world, using our shared border to smuggle illicit drugs into the United States. These organizations present an increasing threat to the national security of this country, with voluminous amount of drugs, violent crime, and the associated corruption of public officials in Mexico. Mexico is the largest transshipment point of South American cocaine destined for the United States, and 65% of this cocaine reaches American cities via the U. S. /Mexico border. Mexico also remains a major source country for heroin and marijuana, and many of these Mexican based trafficking organizations are utilized by Colombian Cartels to transship drugs destined for the United States. It is difficult to control the entrance of illegal drugs into the country because the drug traffickers can camouflage their illegal substances in any of the container loads legally entering the country. There are various ways that drug traffickers can use in order to get their drugs into the country. According to the United States Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA, 2004) Criminal groups operating from South America smuggle cocaine and heroin into the United States via a variety of routes, including land routes through Mexico, maritime routes along Mexicos east and west coasts, sea routes through the Caribbean, and international air corridors. Furthermore, criminal groups operating from neighboring Mexico smuggle cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, amphetamine, and marijuana into the United States. These criminal groups have smuggled heroin and marijuana across the Southwest Border and distributed them throughout the United States since the 1970s. In addition to distributing cocaine and methamphetamine in the West and Midwest, these Mexico-based groups now are attempting to expand the distribution of those drugs into eastern U. S. markets. Drugs manufactured in Western Europe such as Ecstasy get smuggled in via carriers on commercial flights or courier services. New York City is also a well-known distribution hub for drugs coming from Southeast and Southwest Asia. There is also a domestic drug developing market within the United States that produces marijuana, methamphetamine, PCP, and LSD. These backyard traffickers usually cater to the less moneyed high school and college crowds. In areas where drug use is rampant, such as the smaller cities and suburbs, there is an equivalent rise in criminal activities of the youth in that sector. It is believed that 65 % of cocaine orders get smuggled into the United States via the U. S. Mexico border. This supply is usually sourced from Colombia, the country that controls the supply of cocaine worldwide and has the capability to move the product by any means necessary. The Colombian cartel directly runs their US operations through a vast network of connections that sometimes include money laundering. The Colombian dealers have seemingly increased their confidence and support for their Mexican counterparts though and have, over some time, allowed Mexican cartels to make their presence felt in the drug trafficking world, specifically, in the United States. Basically though, the Colombians and Mexicans have divided their drug trafficking kingdom in the United States as they realized that by dividing the market, they lessened the danger of being discovered through their financial dealings with their distributors. Colombia now controls the eastern seaboard composed of Boston, Miami, Newark, New York, and Philadelphia. On the other side, Mexico controls the western and midwestern United States composed of Chicago, Dallas, Denver, Houston, Los Angeles, Phoenix, San Diego, San Francisco, and Seattle. According to research by Turning Point, a social care organization featured in the article Hunting Britains Mister Cocaine, written by Tim Bouquet (Boquet, 2007) , In Colombia one kilo of Coca leaves costs a shade over $2. Turned into Cocaine it costs $2000 a kilogram. In Asia one gram of crack in the streets retails for about $120-200. The street name for Cocaine is Crack, taken from the sound the substance makes once it is smoked. It leaves users with an immediate but short-lived high. Users try to extend the high by using more of the drug in increasing amounts until the addiction becomes an uncontrollable urge. Of all the drugs in the streets of the United States, the illegal substance whose propagation has become harder and harder to control over the decades has to be Cocaine. This is because of the entrance of the Dominican drug traffickers into the market with the support of their Colombian counterparts. Street-level distribution of that specific drug is solely the Colombian cartels area. This cartel is proven to be controlling mostly the areas from New England to New York City with the Mexicans being the moving force behind the regular supply transported to New York since the 1990s. Exactly how much does Cocaine cost? Mexico is slowly coming into its own as a country with its own organized crime syndicates. Their drug cartels are regularly gaining more responsibility for the drug trafficking trade into the U. S. as their Colombian counterparts slowly shy away from the U. S. market. The reason for the shift is believed to be the law passed in 1997 by the Colombian National Assembly that imposes repercussions such as the prospect of extradition for overt acts committed on or after the date (December 17, 1997) that the extradition amendment went into effect. With that law in place in their own country, the Colombian drug cartel had to hedge their bets and let someone else take over the market for them. The drug cartels now faced the reality that they had to lessen the chances of the U. S. government gathering any evidences against them that could support an extradition request on the part of the United States government. I am sure that by now, you are already wondering as to how the cocaine manages to make it into the United States then. The travel of cocaine from Columbia to the United States all starts at the Eastern Pacific Ocean. An estimation by various law enforcement agencies in the United States indicates that about 65 % of Cocaine passes through the Central American Mexico border via fishing ships in the area of the Eastern Pacific. The route used is most likely Columbia Mexico or Yucatan Peninsula. There are also some minor routes that can be used which pass through Caribbean; Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and Haiti. Haiti is also a fast growing drug trafficking area due to the unsecured political and social situation that exists in the country and continues to get worse every day. Usually though, Haiti serves as a mid shipment point for any cocaine heading for the eastern markets in the United States. Aside from Haiti, other growing threats to the drug trafficking trade and route are the Jamaicans, whose primary market are the Canadian, European, and a portion of the U. S. market. With all of these known facts, one will be led to ponder the question, What can we as a people or as a government do to end drug trafficking in our country? This is a cliche but it is the sad truth that pertains to drug trafficking, ending drug trafficking is easier said than done. This is not to say though that the government of the Unites States has not taken steps to try to lessen, if not eradicate the drug trafficking on American shores.

Smart People, Bad Grammar

Smart People, Bad Grammar Smart People, Bad Grammar Smart People, Bad Grammar By Daniel Scocco Stanley Bing, a novelist and columnist for Fortune magazine, recently published an enlightening – let alone hilarious – piece on his blog. Titled â€Å"When Smart People Use Bad Grammar,† the article describes the common confusion around the usage of the personal pronouns â€Å"I† and â€Å"me.† I’m sitting at a lounge last week in Los Angeles with a top business reporter. True, we’re drinking, but that doesn’t really explain what happens next. I’m conversing with him about something that doesn’t really concern you, and things get kind of confidential, and I ask for his promise that the matter will remain off the record. †Don’t worry,† says the reporter, a graduate of a fine college and probably a reputable journalism school. â€Å"That will just be between you and I.† And here is his explanation on the proper usage: For the record, and for those who even marginally care: this is really easy. The word â€Å"I† is used when the You in questions is the subject of a sentence. â€Å"I† does things. â€Å"I like that,† you say. You don’t say, â€Å"Me like that,† unless you are Tarzan. â€Å"Me† makes his appearance when things are done to You. â€Å"He really screwed me on that deal,† is both a common occurrence and correct usage. If you want to read more about this topic, we covered the issue on the article â€Å"Me, Myself, and I.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Masters Degree or Master's Degree?36 Poetry Terms25 Idioms with Clean

Human resource management practice A substitute for trade unions Dissertation

Human resource management practice A substitute for trade unions - Dissertation Example Introduction Human resource management is a complete philosophy suggesting management of all personnel related issues in the light of vision of the organization and integrated with the organization’s strategy and policy (Pieper 1990). Traditionally, staff management is mainly targeted on tasks such as staffing, work design and rewarding however now the concept has been broadened to include in it personnel development and strategy specific actions. With this broad change where we talk about realizing the real potential of people and managing them in a way that they produce efficient results (Venter & Van der Waldt 2007) is it suitable to say that modern human resource management practice has substituted trade unions which were common a few years back to make the voice of laborers heard and acted. This research study, therefore, seeks to explore if human resource management practice has substituted trade unions or not. 1.1 Project Aims and Objectives As mentioned above research question guiding this research study asks has contemporary human resource management practice substituted trade unions. Having developed this research question, this research study seeks to attain following aims and objectives. To explore the role of modern human resource management in personnel management and development. To critically evaluate the role of trade unions in modern human resource management practice. To identify factors contributing to decline in trade unions if it is not modern HRM practices. 1.2 Project Approach This research study is primarily focused on secondary data and hence is categorized as desk research; Armstrong (2006, p. 53) defined desk research as â€Å"the assembly, collation and analysis of marketing information which is...Truss et al (1997) explained that hard HRM focuses attention on theory X whereas soft HRM focuses on theory Y. Truss et al (1997) examined that due to wide differences in these two approaches is it possible for an organization to u se both these models in integration; from their research they found that no organizations clearly follows any one of these models and though organizations focuses on commitment and conceptually targets to treat employees as humans (soft HRM concept) in reality where policies and strategic control is in action it is practically hard to stick to soft HRM and hence hard RM elements also come into action (Truss et al 1997). This study also looks into soft and hard HRM concepts and tries to relate it to the need of trade unions and which of the HRM versions may result in increase or decline in the number of trade unions. 2.4 Trade Unions and their Purpose Deb (2009) defined trade union as a representative body where employees are at the receiving end. Shmoop (2010, p. 1) defined labor union as â€Å"an organization established by and for workers to pursue collective workplace goals, benefits, work rules and power†.

What influences that Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir have had Research Paper

What influences that Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir have had on the perception of French intellectual - Research Paper Example On the other hand, the philosophy of existentialism with Jean as its proponent is base d on the universal existence and personal decision making of individuals. It is crucial to note that it stresses that people are entirely at liberty and as such, they hold the full responsibility of what they make of themselves. Thus, the two philosophical propositions endeavor to examine the impacts they had in the French intellectual platform as the core mandate of this paper. The French society, both informed and non-informed, was characterized by a sense of subjugation of the female gender which was always referred to as being second to the ‘other’. This is exemplified by virtue of the roles played by the two genders and female scholars’ perception of the apparently prevalent male chauvinism. With a closer reference to Simone’s publication of the Second Sex, it is evident that the first the first wave of feminism is characterized by female suffrage and property ownership rights (Sartre, 2015). The feministic approach put forward by Simone influence .the belief of the French intellectuals to belief in the inclusion of sexuality, reproduction rights, work affairs and familial restructuring to be part of the second wave of the feministic agenda. This was mainly aimed at widening the scope of rights that the female gender wanted to enjoy if their struggle for equality would be fruitful thereof. Additionally, the two philosophical works influenced the determination of the female gender to acquire radical freedom. This kind of radical freedom is further cemented by Jean Jean’s assertion of living in ‘bad faith’. Bad faith here is an assumption that people allow themselves to be ruled by principles that are imposed on them from the outside world. This formed the foundation of the second wave of feminism in which the French

The Security Issues With Social Networks Media Essay

The Security Issues With Social Networks Media Essay Social networks such as Facebook and twitter are becoming more and more popular among the younger generation. Social networks were designed to keep in touch with friends no matter where in the world they were located. Parents though are worried that their childrens privacy is not protecting on the social network. According to pole results realised most parents think their children share to much information online and that the search engines are not doing enough to protect them. Privacy is the ability to conceal personal information about yourself from other people but if they wish to show their information it is selective. Parents are increasingly worried that their children are under threat by hackers and conmen, parents want far more education and leadership about online privacy, and they clearly want the industry and the federal government to update privacy policies. Criteria B- The IT background of the Issue Social networks are places where you can communicate with others no matter where they are in the world and is also a ways of communication for other purposes such as business. A social network is a social structure that maps out the relationships between individuals. Technically we all belong to one giant social network, but we also belong to smaller, tighter social networks defined by our families, our friends, where we live, where we work, where we went to school, our hobbies and interests and much more. Social networks are helpful as they help us to keep all the people we know in one place and we are able to communicate with theme at any time, imagine if you sat down with a pen and paper, it would be difficult to map out all the people with whom youre connected and all the people with whom theyre connected. Thats why social-networking Web sites are so powerful. Criteria C- Impact of the Issue The main issue of social networks are privacy concerns. Even though social networks were set up for people to keep in contact with friends and family around the world but despite these aspects the sites are dangerous because much information is shown. This causes parents to worry about how much information is put online. Even though most information is put on these networks is voluntary some things are not meant to be public but security issues might occur, a security issue occurs when a hacker gains unauthorized access to a written language. These breeches into personal information are a problem because people might be exposed in inappropriate manners and personal information can be gathered to do be used inappropriately. Also, talking to friends over lunch, the Internet keeps a permanent record of what we say to each other. If you are having an online conversation with your friend(s) then you should be aware that conversation can be seen by countless others and that a record of tha t conversation will be kept somewhere on the Internet. Criterion D- A Solution to a problem arising from the Issue The only solution is for the website to create a way to privatise information to users but at the same time be shown to users that you wish it to be shown. The users theme selves can more carefully approach to what they share and with the growth of social networks, its becoming harder to effectively monitor and protect site users and their activity because the tasks of security programmers becomes increasingly spread out. The growth of users of these sites has grown very rapidly take this as an example, if a prison whose inmate count jumped from  a few dozen to 250 million in less than five years only employed 300 guards (in the case of MySpace). In reaction to the growth of pressure to users most chief networks are now enabling users to set privacy controls for who has the ability to view their information. But increase privacy settings are not always definite privacy. Also Do Not Call methods can be used on social networks but developed in such a way that it becomes Do Not Track Kids like stated in the article. Parents survey says social networks dont protect kids privacy CNN Wire Staff (CNN) Most parents think their children share too much information online and that search engines and social networks arent doing enough to protect privacy, according to poll results released Friday. More than 90 percent of the parents surveyed by Zogby International said they are concerned that their children share too much information online, and 75 percent said they would rate the job social networks are doing to protect online privacy as negative. The results, released by the nonprofit advocacy organization Common Sense Media which commissioned the poll do not mention particular social networks or websites by name. Common Sense Media CEO James Steyer said the need for reform is clear. Parents want far more education and leadership about online privacy, and they clearly want the industry and the federal government to update privacy policies, Steyer said in a statement The organization begins a campaign Monday aimed at protecting kids personal information and reputations online. We need a Do Not Track Kids approach similar to the Do Not Call policies that restrict telemarketers, Steyer said. The results also include a survey of 401 teenagers aged 15 to 18. Common Sense Media said 79 percent of the teens surveyed also think their friends share too much personal information online, and 85 percent of them want search engines and social networking sites to ask for permission before using personal information to market products. The poll results present a clear divide between the industrys view of privacy and the opinion of parents and kids, Steyer said. To conduct the online poll of parents, Zogby International used a sampling of 2,100 adults from its online panel, which the polling firm says is representative of the adult population of the United States. The sampling margin of error is 2.2 percentage points. The sampling margin of error for the online poll of teenagers was 5 percentage points. Criterion E- Bibliography CNN Wire Staff, 2010,Parents survey says social networkes dont protect kidsprivacy http://www.cnn.com/2010/TECH/social.media/10/08/parents.poll/index.html Wikipedia, Privacy, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy Fast Company, Privacy and security issues in social Networking http://www.fastcompany.com/articles/2008/10/social-networking-security.html Help Net Security, Social networking privacy issues http://www.net-security.org/article.php?id=1331 How stuff works, How social networks work http://communication.howstuffworks.com/how-social-networks-work.htm

Globalization itself Essay

Globalization is not value free; rather, the pressures to conform to universal standards of conduct and competitive performance force organizations and individuals to assimilate new values, which may be in conflict with local cultural values and practices. This requires the individuals, organizations, and nations to build the necessary mind-set, competencies, capabilities, and capacities to manage the transformations associated with globalization. Globalization is founded on competitiveness. To remain competitive, actors must â€Å"continue to innovate† (Anton, 1995). Innovations are based on advancements in science, technology, and commercialization. It is, therefore, logical to add to the center the institutional actors involved in promoting science, technology, and innovation. This includes universities, research laboratories, startups, entrepreneurs, knowledge workers, venture capitalists, management experts, consulting firms, stock markets, shareholders, and corporate directors. The United States currently leads the world in investing in science, technology, and innovations and remains the most dominant actor at the center. A key lesson we learn from these experts is that globalization can and must be managed. Since globalization affects all nations, governments, businesses, communities, and individuals, the best we can do is fight back or respond in kind in order to take advantage of its opportunities and to minimize its potential adverse consequences. This requires a â€Å"strategic approach to globalization† (Fischer, 2000). Nations, governments, businesses, institutions, communities, and individuals should not see themselves as helpless victims of globalization; rather, they should actively take the initiative to understand the nature of globalization, its causes, and its consequences on the ground; assess their own opportunities, strengths, and limitations; and develop realistic goals and a plan of action for managing globalization. It is not easy, and there are no guarantees or shortcuts, but the strategic approach is better than isolation or surrender. Doing it in partnership with others increases the chances of success and mitigates against some of the negative consequences. The management literature is rich with descriptive materials on how businesses can become globally strategic and competitive in the twenty-first century. (Hirst, 1999) Nations, government institutions, communities, and individuals can draw on this body of knowledge to develop their own tailor-made strategic directions and action plans for managing globalization. In its 1999 Human Development Report on globalization with a human face, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), one of the U. N. specialized agencies doing extensive work in developing countries, provides a framework and guidelines for managing globalization. Recognizing that globalization is characterized by new markets, new tools, new actors, and new rules, the report challenges governments and the international community to find rules and institutions for stronger governance at the local, national, regional, and global levels. Globalization is multidimensional and, therefore, means different things to different people across time and space. Globalization is about transformational change with intended and unintended adverse effects. Since its dynamics and consequences are not fully predictable, some of its aspects may be emphasized or deemphasized at different times for different regions, countries, or societies. (Friedman, 2000) Yet, because the key drivers of globalization come from industrialized countries, individual developing countries have no realistic option but to participate in the globalization process. Many people are openly opposed to globalization: the concept, its practice, and its consequences. This is in spite of its actual and potential benefits to both rich and poor countries. This opposition, if left unchecked, threatens to push the world back to the dark days of protectionism and closed societies reminiscent of the Cold War. Many world leaders have, at one time or another, expressed doubt, apprehension, qualified support, or outright opposition to globalization and have questioned its moral justification. However, Globalization can be and in most cases has been, good for cultural diversity and development. By contributing to â€Å"liberalization, rising incomes, increased use of technology, better education, and global migration,† (Prakash & Hart, 1997) globalization helps to create multiple environments in support of cultural and interactive diversity. It allows people to experiment with alternative models of development, while at the same time borrowing ideas and practices from other cultures and institutions. It provides people with the opportunity to enjoy freedom for their own culture and, at the same time, be exposed to other cultures. It allows weaker and smaller cultures to coexist alongside the big and powerful cultures. It allows minor or provincial languages and remote cultures to connect with other cultures. As it presently exists in the world today, globalization is an asymmetrical and imperfect system. To be committed to globalization is to understand its lack of symmetry among the players and its inherent imperfections. Therefore, globalizing countries, governments, businesses, institutions, and communities must commit themselves to work toward its improvement. For developing countries, this means, among other things, not to promote globalization as a â€Å"panacea for all problems,† (Micklethwait, 2000) but to build the necessary institutional capacities and competencies for the defense and improvement of globalization for the greater benefit of all citizens. Resources Anton, D. J. 1995. Diversity, Globalization, and the Way of Nature. Ottawa: International Development Research Centre, 1995. Fischer, T. C. 2000. The United States, the European Union, and â€Å"Globalization† of World Trade: Allies or Adversaries? Westport, CT: Quorum. Hirst, P. , and G. Thompson. 1999. Questioning Globalization: The International Economy and the Possibilities of Governance. Cambridge: Polity Press. Friedman, T. L. 2000. The Lexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization. New York: Anchor Books. Prakash, A. , and J. A. Hart. 1997. Globalization and Governance. London: Routledge. Micklethwait, J. , and A. Wooldridge. 2000. A Future Perfect: The Challenge and Hidden Promise of Globalization. New York: Random House.

Humans Are Biologically Herbivores - 1091 Words

Can you imagine living in a crammed cage with hundreds of other animals for your whole life? Then being transported for days and days in the back of a truck with no water or food and little room to move? Can you imagine being skinned, beaten, shot, stunned, slit and dismembered while you are completely conscious? This is unfortunately reality for the 56 billion animals that are slaughtered each year, just so we can eat their meat. In the time that it took you to read that another 60,000 animals were killed for human consumption. From when we are children we’re conditioned to view cows, pigs, chickens, sheep and fish as inferior beings whose sole purpose of their existence is to provide us with meat. Humans are biologically herbivores;†¦show more content†¦Meat and dairy products can increase the risk of developing many forms of cancer, including; breast, ovarian, prostate and colon cancer. â€Å"Studies conducted by scientists at the University of Toronto and St. Mic hael s Hospital have found that a vegetarian diet made up of certain plant foods can lower cholesterol as effectively as a drug treatment† {Medical News today, 2014} The results of this study showed that a vegetarian diet reduced levels of bad cholesterol that are known to clog coronary arteries. In a meat-eaters diet the main source of saturated fat comes from animal products, by cutting these products out the risk of heart disease decreases. Within two weeks of becoming a vegetarian blood pressure significantly reduces. Through a healthy vegetarian diet and exercise non-insulin-dependent diabetes can be controlled and sometimes even eliminated, a diet such as this that is low in fat, high in fibre and complex carbohydrates allows insulin to work more effectively. There is no other human activity that impacts our planet more than that of raising livestock. The global meat industry provides food and livelihood for billions of people; however the meat industry has significant environmental and health consequences for the planet. It’s predicted that the worldwide consumption of meat will double by 2020 and this will have a huge impact on the environment. Roughly 40% of the world’s land surface is

Punic Wars Battle of Lake Trasimene